{"id":837,"date":"2025-07-29T15:21:17","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T13:21:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/panela\/les-provinces-traitresses\/"},"modified":"2025-09-10T09:30:08","modified_gmt":"2025-09-10T07:30:08","slug":"les-provinces-traitresses","status":"publish","type":"panela","link":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/les-provinces-traitresses\/","title":{"rendered":"Les \u00abprovinces tra\u00eetresses\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Provinces
tra\u00eetresses<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Le franquisme au Pays Basque<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Maravillas Lamberto<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Agirre Lehendakaria<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Apr\u00e8s la guerre de 1936, la Biscaye et le Guip\u00fazcoa sont d\u00e9clar\u00e9s \u00ab\u00a0provinces tra\u00eetres\u00a0\u00bb car ils sont rest\u00e9s loyaux \u00e0 la IIe R\u00e9publique. Le 23 juin 1937, quatre jours apr\u00e8s la prise de Bilbao par les troupes fascistes, Franco a abrog\u00e9 l’accord \u00e9conomique (\u00ab\u00a0Concierto Econ\u00f3mico\u00a0\u00bb) dans les deux territoires. Outre le recouvrement de l’imp\u00f4t, ils ont perdu la gestion de services comme les routes et les \u00e9coles. En 1936, environ 1\u00a0000 personnes travaillaient au sein des Diputaciones Forales\u00a0; en 1939, \u00e0 la suite d’un processus d’\u00e9puration, elles n’atteignaient pas 350. En pourcentage, le nombre d’assassinats commis par le r\u00e9gime franquiste au Pays Basque \u00e9tait sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui enregistr\u00e9 dans des pays comme l’Afrique du Sud, l’Argentine, la Bolivie ou le Chili. En Navarre, il a supprim\u00e9 1,13\u00a0% de la population par des ex\u00e9cutions ou disparitions forc\u00e9es. Par exemple, Sartaguda est surnomm\u00e9 le \u00ab\u00a0village des veuves\u00a0\u00bb car plus de 15\u00a0% des hommes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9s. \u00c0 Larraga, un petit village pr\u00e8s de Sartaguda, les phalangistes ont assassin\u00e9, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de son p\u00e8re, la fillette Maravillas Lamberto, apr\u00e8s l’avoir viol\u00e9e \u00e0 plusieurs reprises, pour finir par jeter son corps nu aux chiens. Son p\u00e8re \u00e9tait Vicente Lamberto, un militant socialiste. Ces assassinats sont rappel\u00e9s comme exemple d’un des visages les plus cruels de la barbarie de l’\u00c9tat espagnol.<\/p>\n

En 1936, l’arm\u00e9e basque ou Eusko Gudarostea est cr\u00e9\u00e9e, et, d’ao\u00fbt 1936 \u00e0 juillet 1937, elle a combattu contre les troupes de Franco sur le front du Nord. Apr\u00e8s l’occupation du Pays basque espagnol par les troupes franquistes, certains dirigeants du gouvernement basque ont fui \u00e0 Barcelone o\u00f9 ils ont, avec la collaboration du pr\u00e9sident Lluis Companys, form\u00e9 une sorte de gouvernement en exil. Au d\u00e9but de 1939, apr\u00e8s la chute de Barcelone et la d\u00e9faite r\u00e9publicaine, le lehendakari Agirre part en exil avec son gouvernement.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>Pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/span><\/span>Atzera<\/span>Unie, grande et libre<\/span><\/span><\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\tAurrera<\/span>Le printemps basque<\/span><\/span><\/path><\/svg>Suivant<\/span><\/span><\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>Pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/span><\/span>Atzera<\/span><\/span><\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\tAurrera<\/span><\/span><\/path><\/svg>Suivant<\/span><\/span><\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"featured_media":681,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"class_list":["post-837","panela","type-panela","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLes \u00abprovinces tra\u00eetresses\u00bb - 1975: Dena jokoan zegoen urtea<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/les-provinces-traitresses\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les \u00abprovinces tra\u00eetresses\u00bb - 1975: Dena jokoan zegoen urtea\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Provincestra\u00eetresses Le franquisme au Pays Basque Maravillas Lamberto Agirre Lehendakaria Apr\u00e8s la guerre de 1936, la Biscaye et le Guip\u00fazcoa sont d\u00e9clar\u00e9s \u00ab\u00a0provinces tra\u00eetres\u00a0\u00bb car ils sont rest\u00e9s loyaux \u00e0 la IIe R\u00e9publique. 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