{"id":849,"date":"2025-07-30T09:36:27","date_gmt":"2025-07-30T07:36:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/"},"modified":"2025-09-10T09:30:09","modified_gmt":"2025-09-10T07:30:09","slug":"prison-tortures-infiltrations","status":"publish","type":"panela","link":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/","title":{"rendered":"Prison, tortures, infiltrations\u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Prison, tortures,
infiltrations\u2026<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

R\u00e9pression et \u00e9tat d'exception<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Prison et dispersion<\/strong>
L’\u00c9tat espagnol commence \u00e0 disperser et \u00e9loigner les prisonni\u00e8res et les prisonniers politiques. Au cours des premi\u00e8res ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s le coup fasciste de 1936, les prisons de Larrinaga, Ondarreta, Gasteiz, Nanclares, Pampelune, San Crist\u00f3bal et Saturraran ont accueilli des milliers de victimes de la r\u00e9pression (celle de Saturraran \u00e9tait une prison de femmes).<\/p>\n

Proc\u00e8s de Burgos<\/strong>
Au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1970, un groupe de citoyennes et citoyens basques est jug\u00e9 au proc\u00e8s de Burgos. Celui-ci a sign\u00e9 la faiblesse du franquisme et provoqu\u00e9 les plus grandes mobilisations connues jusque-l\u00e0 dans l’histoire de la dictature (jusqu’\u00e0 l’ex\u00e9cution de Txiki et d’Otaegi et des trois membres du FRAP), tant au Pays Basque que dans les \u00c9tats espagnol et fran\u00e7ais et dans d’autres pays.<\/p>\n

Arrestations et tortures<\/strong>
En 1973, l’ETA a ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 Carrero Blanco. S’en sont suivies l’arrestation et la torture d’Eva Forest et de Tasio Erkizia. L’arrestation d’Eva Forest a d\u00e9clench\u00e9 une vague de solidarit\u00e9 f\u00e9ministe. Changement de paradigme : loi antiterroriste (1975). Le paradigme de la r\u00e9pression a chang\u00e9 au milieu du franquisme. En plus d’arr\u00eater des maquis, des r\u00e9publicaines et des r\u00e9publicains vaincus, les arrestations d’\u00e9tudiants ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 la suite des manifestations v\u00e9cues dans les ann\u00e9es 50.<\/p>\n

Infiltration d’El Lobo<\/strong>
Mikel Lejarza, alias El Lobo, \u00e9tait un agent infiltr\u00e9 du SECED. Apr\u00e8s avoir occup\u00e9 des postes \u00e0 responsabilit\u00e9 au sein de l’ETA politico-militaire, il a caus\u00e9 l’arrestation de plus d’une centaine de militants et collaborateurs \u00e0 l’\u00e9t\u00e9 1975. Il a attir\u00e9 dans une embuscade un habitant de Legazpi, Josu Mujika alias Beltza, qui est abattu par la Garde civile. Le 30 juillet, Txiki et Wilson sont arr\u00eat\u00e9s \u00e0 la suite de son infiltration. Apr\u00e8s le dernier coup de filet men\u00e9 par El Lobo, la police tue par balles Jose Ramon Mart\u00ednez Antia, alias Montxo, le 18 septembre, et Andoni Campillo Alkorta, un habitant de Gernika, le lendemain. Aux trois militants morts dans ces op\u00e9rations s’ajouterait Txiki.<\/p>\n

\u00c9tat d’exception<\/strong>
Pendant les trois mois qu’a dur\u00e9 l’\u00e9tat d’exception, plus de 4 000 personnes sont pass\u00e9es par des postes de police et commissariats, et six personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 abattues par la police. La r\u00e9pression s’est dirig\u00e9e principalement contre les deux organisations qui portaient le nom de l’ETA, mais elle a aussi frapp\u00e9 des organisations politiques et syndicales, cherchant \u00e0 les d\u00e9manteler. Par ailleurs, des centaines de militants de LCR-ETA VI, MCE, PCE, PSOE et CCOO ont \u00e9t\u00e9 arr\u00eat\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>Pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/span><\/span>Atzera<\/span>Appel unitaire \u00e0 Gernika<\/span><\/span><\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\tAurrera<\/span>Tupa, Otaegi, Txiki<\/span><\/span><\/path><\/svg>Suivant<\/span><\/span><\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg>Pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/span><\/span>Atzera<\/span><\/span><\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\tAurrera<\/span><\/span><\/path><\/svg>Suivant<\/span><\/span><\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"featured_media":941,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"class_list":["post-849","panela","type-panela","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPrison, tortures, infiltrations\u2026 - 1975: Dena jokoan zegoen urtea<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Prison, tortures, infiltrations\u2026 - 1975: Dena jokoan zegoen urtea\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Prison, tortures,infiltrations\u2026 R\u00e9pression et \u00e9tat d’exception Prison et dispersionL’\u00c9tat espagnol commence \u00e0 disperser et \u00e9loigner les prisonni\u00e8res et les prisonniers politiques. Au cours des premi\u00e8res ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s le coup fasciste de 1936, les prisons de Larrinaga, Ondarreta, Gasteiz, Nanclares, Pampelune, San Crist\u00f3bal et Saturraran ont accueilli des milliers de victimes de la r\u00e9pression (celle de […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"1975: Dena jokoan zegoen urtea\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-09-10T07:30:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/08-kartzela-torturak-2-FRA.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/\",\"name\":\"Prison, tortures, infiltrations\u2026 - 1975: Dena jokoan zegoen urtea\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/08-kartzela-torturak-2-FRA.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-07-30T07:36:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-09-10T07:30:09+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/08-kartzela-torturak-2-FRA.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/08-kartzela-torturak-2-FRA.jpg\",\"width\":800,\"height\":1200},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/1975-2025\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Prison, tortures, infiltrations\u2026\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/\",\"name\":\"1975. Dena jokoan zegoen urtea\",\"description\":\"Trantsizio espainiarrak Euskal Herriaren bilakaeran izan zuen eraginaz gogoeta egiteko erakusketa\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/#organization\",\"name\":\"1975-2025\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/erakusketa-scaled.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/erakusketa-scaled.jpg\",\"width\":2560,\"height\":2560,\"caption\":\"1975-2025\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Prison, tortures, infiltrations\u2026 - 1975: Dena jokoan zegoen urtea","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Prison, tortures, infiltrations\u2026 - 1975: Dena jokoan zegoen urtea","og_description":"Prison, tortures,infiltrations\u2026 R\u00e9pression et \u00e9tat d’exception Prison et dispersionL’\u00c9tat espagnol commence \u00e0 disperser et \u00e9loigner les prisonni\u00e8res et les prisonniers politiques. Au cours des premi\u00e8res ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s le coup fasciste de 1936, les prisons de Larrinaga, Ondarreta, Gasteiz, Nanclares, Pampelune, San Crist\u00f3bal et Saturraran ont accueilli des milliers de victimes de la r\u00e9pression (celle de […]","og_url":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/","og_site_name":"1975: Dena jokoan zegoen urtea","article_modified_time":"2025-09-10T07:30:09+00:00","og_image":[{"width":800,"height":1200,"url":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/08-kartzela-torturak-2-FRA.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/","url":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/","name":"Prison, tortures, infiltrations\u2026 - 1975: Dena jokoan zegoen urtea","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/08-kartzela-torturak-2-FRA.jpg","datePublished":"2025-07-30T07:36:27+00:00","dateModified":"2025-09-10T07:30:09+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/08-kartzela-torturak-2-FRA.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/08-kartzela-torturak-2-FRA.jpg","width":800,"height":1200},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/panela\/prison-tortures-infiltrations\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/1975-2025\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Prison, tortures, infiltrations\u2026"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/","name":"1975. Dena jokoan zegoen urtea","description":"Trantsizio espainiarrak Euskal Herriaren bilakaeran izan zuen eraginaz gogoeta egiteko erakusketa","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/#organization","name":"1975-2025","url":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/erakusketa-scaled.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/erakusketa-scaled.jpg","width":2560,"height":2560,"caption":"1975-2025"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panela\/849","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panela"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/panela"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panela\/849\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":971,"href":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panela\/849\/revisions\/971"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/941"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/1975-2025erakusketa.eus\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=849"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}